3 結論 [size=1em]利用Adams軟件對銑刀銑削木材工件時的銑刀轉速和每齒進給量對切入過程影響程度進行分析,得到在不同銑削參數下柄銑刀在x方向銑削分力Fx,y方向銑削分力Fy和z方向銑削分力Fz隨時間變化的曲線。分析表明:柄銑刀主要受x向銑削分力Fx的沖擊載荷的影響;在切入過程中,當每齒進給量保持一定時,柄銑刀x向切削分力Fx隨銑刀轉速提高而增大,響應時間隨之縮短;在銑刀轉速一定時,x向銑削分力隨每齒進給量的增加而增大。
[size=0.8em]圖9 不同銑刀轉速下當量應力與x 向進給速度關系圖
[size=1em]利用ANSYS Workbench對柄銑刀進行靜力學分析,得到各銑刀一定轉速下不同每齒進給量所對應的應力數值。結果表明:銑刀轉速一定時,隨著每齒進給量增大,x向進給速度隨之增加,應力數值也隨之增加,當量應力數值大于銑刀抗彎強度的范圍,刀具發生變形或折斷。通過對銑刀與工件模型進行運動力學分析,得到了實際加工中轉速與進給速度之間的最佳匹配關系,為合理選擇刀具銑削參數和降低生產成本提供了理論依據。 [size=1em]參考文獻: [size=1em][1] 李黎.木材切削原理與刀具[M].第2版.北京:中國林業出版社,2012:5-8. [size=1em][2] ZHENG M L,JIANG B,LIU J,et al.Research on Dynamic Cutting Performance of High Speed Face Milling Cutter[J].Key Engineering Materials,2008(26):663-666. [size=1em][3] 張新英,連金峰.木材加工智能數控機械自動化改造淺析[J].林產工業,2020,57(4):77-79+82. [size=1em][4] 李忠群.復雜切削條件銑削加工動力學建模、仿真與切削參數優化研究[D].北京:北京航空航天大學,2008. [size=1em][5] Fuat K,Mustafa K,Mustafa A,et al.Effect of machinability,microstructure and hardness of deep cryogenic treatment in hard turning of AISI D2 steel with ceramic cutting[J].Journal of Materials Research and Technology,2020,9(1):969-983. [size=1em][6] 魏俊立,李曦,黃偉建.螺旋立銑刀切削力建模分析及加工優化研究[J/OL].機械設計與制造,1-5,[2021-11-25]. [size=1em][7] 徐磊,李強,王沖.高速切削加工技術[J].現代制造技術與裝備,2018(6):143+145. [size=1em][8] 邢俊文,陶永忠.MSC.Software.MSC.ADAMS/View高級培訓教程[M].北京:清華大學出版社,2004:68-110. [size=1em][9] 胡映寧,王成勇,張華偉,等.小直徑銑刀銑削淬硬鋼切入過程的動力學仿真研究[J].機械強度,2005(6):782-789. [size=1em][10] 任翀,侯學元,韓淑華.高速銑削立銑刀切削受力的有限元分析[J].機電工程技術,2008(6):20-22+92+115. [size=1em][11] 張華偉.小直徑銑刀高速銑削淬硬鋼過程動力學仿真與有限元分析[D].南寧:廣西大學,2005. [size=1em][12] 熊世磊,丁賽飛,王啟慧,等.籽瓜破碎取籽分離機機架的有限元分析及優化[J].森林工程,2021,37(2):86-94. [size=1em][13] CHUN H J,HANG Q,LIU L M.Simulation and analysis of aerodynamics for high speed face milling cutters[J].Science China(Technological Sciences),2010,53(9):2575-2580. [size=1em][14] 浦廣益.ANSYS Workbench基礎教程與實例詳解[M].第2版.北京:中國水利水電出版,2013:239-302. [size=1em][15] 徐丹.基于ANSYS的盤式制動器結構有限元分析[J].林業機械與木工設備,2020,48(9):35-39. [size=1em][16] 王慶五,左畸.ANSYS10.0機械設計高級應用實例[M].北京:機械工業出版社,2006:96-142. [size=1em][17] 翟肖墨.基于ANSYS的整體硬質合金立銑刀的有限元分析[J].機械工程與自動化,2009(2):59-60.
Analysis of Motion Mechanical Characteristics of Woodworking Mortising Machine Shank Milling Cutters[size=1em]JIANG Xin-bo1, YU Dan-dan1, XU Hao2*
(1.College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin Heilongjiang 150006,China;2.Harbin Dongan Automobile Engine Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Harbin Heilongjiang 150060,China) [size=1em]Abstract:Wooden window mortising equipment is a woodworking machine for processing rectangular tenon or waist circular tenon on wood,and in the process of machining wooden window tenon and groove with shank milling cutter,a too fast milling speed may lead to edge collapse and fracture of milling cutter,and a too slow milling speed may lead to coking of wood workpieces.In view of these problems,the motion characteristics of shank milling cutters were analyzed and researched.A simulation system model was established based on the geometric parameters,physical parameters and workpiece physical parameters of the shank milling cutters,different milling parameters were set,ADAMS software was used to analyze and compare the cutting force components in all directions in the coordinate system of the milling system model,the main impact load was determined and the influence of milling cutter speed and feed rate per tooth on the process of cutting wood workpiece with shank milling cutter was clarified;the transient dynamic analysis of shank milling cutter was carried out using ANSYS Workbench software,the variation diagram of stress with feed rate and speed of shank milling cutter under transient load was obtained,thereby providing theoretical guidance for determining the optimal milling parameters design and optimization of shank milling cutters. [size=1em]Key words:woodworking;shank milling cutter;motion mechanics analysis
[size=1em]中圖分類號:S776 [size=1em]文獻標識碼:A [size=1em]文章編號:2095-2953(2022)04-0035-06 [size=1em]收稿日期:2021-11-15 [size=1em]基金項目:黑龍江省重點研發項目“智能化歐式木窗雙端復合精銑成型加工機床關鍵技術研究”(GA21A405);中央高;究蒲袠I務費專項資金項目資助(2572020DR12)共同資助。 [size=1em]第一作者簡介:姜新波(1967-),男,副教授,博士,主要從事林業與木工機械設計及制造的研究,E-mail:jxb-1967@163.com。 [size=1em]*通訊作者:徐 浩(1996-),男,技術員,碩士,主要從事汽車發動機和變速器的研究,E-mail:xh18646123416@163.com。
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